How to reduce voltage from Power Transformer!!

 

Power Transformer Steps up or down voltage levels.

1. Core components: primary & secondary windings, core, and cooling system.

2. Circuit Breaker

Protects electrical circuits by interrupting faults.

Types: SF6, Vacuum, Oil, and Air Circuit Breakers.

3. Isolator (Disconnect Switch)

Provides isolation during maintenance.

Operated manually or motorized.

4. Lightning Arrester

Protects equipment from lightning and switching surges.

Uses a metal oxide varistor (MOV) to absorb high voltage spikes.

5. Current Transformer (CT)

Steps down high current for metering and protection.

Provides accurate current measurement to relays and meters.

6. Voltage Transformer (VT) or Potential Transformer (PT)

Steps down high voltage for metering and protection.

Ensures safe voltage levels for relays and instruments.

7. Busbar

Conducts electricity within the substation.

Made of copper or aluminum.

8. Capacitor Bank

Improves power factor and voltage stability.

Reduces losses and optimizes system efficiency.

9. Wave Trap (Line Trap Unit - LTU)

Used in power line carrier communication (PLCC).

Blocks unwanted high-frequency signals.

10. Relay Protection System

Detects faults and triggers circuit breakers.

Types: Overcurrent, Distance, Differential, and Earth Fault Relays.

11. Earthing System (Grounding System)

Ensures safety by providing a low-resistance path to the ground.

Includes grounding rods, mats, and conductors.

12. Battery and DC System

Provides backup power for protection and control equipment.

Typically 110V or 220V DC systems.

13. Control and Relay Panel

Houses relays, meters, and control switches.

Used for monitoring and control of substation operations.

14. Power Cables & Bus Ducts

Connects various substation equipment.